This textbook provides an introductory presentation of all types of lasers. It contains a general description of the laser, a theoretical treatment and a characterization of its operation as it deals with gas, solid state, free-electron and semiconductor lasers. This expanded and updated second edition of the book presents a description of the dynamics of free-electron laser oscillation using a model introduced in the first edition that allows a reader to understand basic properties of a free-electron laser and makes the difference to “conventional” lasers. The discussions and the treatment of equations are presented in a way that a reader can immediately follow. The book addresses graduate and undergraduate students in science and engineering, featuring problems with solutions and over 400 illustrations. Book Title Basics of Laser Physics Book Subtitle For Students of Science and Engineering Authors. Karl F.
RenkSeries Title Copyright 2017 Publisher Springer International Publishing Copyright Holder Springer International Publishing AG eBook ISBN 978-3-319-50651-7 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-50651-7 Hardcover ISBN 978-3-319-50650-0 Softcover ISBN 978-3-319-84453-4 Series ISSN 1868-4513 Edition Number 2 Number of Pages XIX, 676 Number of Illustrations 337 b/w illustrations, 7 illustrations in colour Topics.
Basics of Laser Physics provides an introductory presentation of the field of all types of lasers. It contains a general description of the laser, a theoretical treatment and a characterization of its operation as it deals with gas, solid state, free-electron and semiconductor lasers and, furthermore, with a few laser related topics. The different subjects are connected to each other by the central principle of the laser, namely, that it is a self-oscillating system. Special emphasis is put on a uniform treatment of gas and solid-state lasers, on the one hand, and semiconductor lasers, on the other hand. The discussions and the treatment of equations are presented in a way that a reader can immediately follow.
The book addresses undergraduate and graduate students of science and engineering. Cinema indo gaby tinggal kenangan. Not only should it enable instructors to prepare their lectures, but it can be helpful to students for preparing for an examination.
RenkSeries Title Copyright 2017 Publisher Springer International Publishing Copyright Holder Springer International Publishing AG eBook ISBN 978-3-319-50651-7 DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-50651-7 Hardcover ISBN 978-3-319-50650-0 Softcover ISBN 978-3-319-84453-4 Series ISSN 1868-4513 Edition Number 2 Number of Pages XIX, 676 Number of Illustrations 337 b/w illustrations, 7 illustrations in colour Topics.
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Beforegoing into how LASER (Light Amplification by StimulatedEmission of Radiation) works, let’s first take a look at howlight works. What isLight?Lightis a kind of released by an.Light is made up of very small particles called photons.Atomsare the basic units of matter. Each atom consists of anucleus and a set of electrons orbiting the nucleus.Nucleusis formed as a result of between the protons and neutrons.Protons have positive charge so they are referred aspositively charged particles. Neutrons do not have charge sothey are referred as neutral particles. Neutrons do nothave charge so the overall charge of the nucleus is positive. Electronshavenegative charge so they are referred as negatively chargedparticles.
Electrons always orbit the nucleus because of theelectrostatic force of attraction present between them.Electrons revolve around the nucleus in different orbits orshells. Each orbit has a unique energy level.Theelectronsorbiting at a larger distance from the nucleus have higherenergy level whereas the electrons orbiting at a smallerdistance from the nucleus have lower energy level.Theelectronsin the lower energy level need some extra energy to jumpfrom lower energy level to the higher energy level. Thisextra energy can be supplied from various types of energysources such as heat, or light.Lightshows properties of both waves and particles so it canbehave simultaneously as a particle or a wave. Einsteinbelieved that light is a particle or photon and the flow of photons is a wave. Light is obtained fromvarious sources like candles, lamps and sun-rays.Candlesand lamps are called as the man made light sources andsun-rays is called natural light source.Thefirst reliable artificial light source (incandescent lightbulb) was invented in 1879 by Thomas Edison. In incandescentlight bulb, electric current flows through a filament insidethe bulb.Whensufficientelectric current is passed through the filament, it getsheated up and emits visible light.
Introduction To Laser Physics Pdf
Thus, visible light isemitted from the incandescent light bulb. What is aLASER?Theword LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification byStimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser is a device thatamplifies or increases the intensity of light and produceshighly directional light.Lasernot only amplifies or increases the intensity of light butalso generates the light. Laser emits light through aprocess called stimulated emission of radiation whichamplifies or increases the intensity of light. Some lasersgenerate visible light but others generate ultraviolet orinfrared rays which are invisible.
Ingeneral, when electron jumps from a higher energy level to alower energy level, it emits light or photon. The energy ofthe emitted photon is equal to the energy difference betweenthe energy levels.
The loss of electron energy is attributedto the entire atom. Therefore, it can be thought that theatom is moving from a higher energy state to a lower energystate.Laserlight is different from the conventional light.
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